As its name implies, public health refers to the health of the public, and the communities which create it. The components which make up public health consist of physically healthy lifestyles, access to essential resources, clean environments, response to crisis and disease, and social and mental well-being. The scale at which public health is considered is all-encompassing; public health can be as small as a neighborhood or as large as a whole country or even the entirety of humanity. The inclusive scale at which public health can be approached demonstrates its accessibility for all communities and individuals, thus ensuring everyone is able to reap the benefits of public health.

Public health is best achieved through understanding the different environments, circumstances, and demographics which make up the public to ensure each group has their essential needs fufilled. For instance, when considering the essential resource of clean drinking water, only approximately 6% of the Central African country of Chad’s population has access to drinkable water (Concern Worldwide US - 3/20/26). Therefore, an aspect of maintaining Chad’s public health would be to work towards making clean water more accessible for the population. The efforts to facilitate more access to water may entail infrastructure development, creating resilient water systems to combat natural drought, or advocating for WASH (Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene) programs. Ultimately, different regions, communities, and countries will have different public health needs. Thus a necessary part of ensuring proper public health is to research the different issues harming a region in order to identify the most necessary one to ameliorate.